Digital Document
Local scour around piers and abutments is one of the main causes of the collapse of many bridges constructed inside rivers. Many researchers have conducted various studies to predict the maximum depth of a scour hole around bridge piers and…
Digital Document
Traffic collisions are considered as one of the world’s major public health problems. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 1.3 million people die every year in traffic collisions across the world and a further 20 - 50 million are…
Digital Document
Digital Document
Hadiksm Gaax di waayu, I belong to the Ganhada (Raven Clan) and my Mother’s side of the family is from Gitxaala, we follow our Mothers. This research, writing, and data collection was done on the traditional unceded territories of the Tsimshian,…
Digital Document
It is well known that the density of plankton populations always increases and decreases or keeps invariant for a long time, and the variation of plankton density is an important factor influencing the real aquatic environments, why do these…
Digital Document
Extensive industrial activities have led to Cr contamination in the environment, which poses threats to ecosystems and human health. Currently, very little is known regarding the Cr accumulation in soils during aging. The purpose of this…
Digital Document
Digital Document
Transport practices for seeking emergency stroke care remain largely underresearched and poorly understood, particularly for individuals living in small urban, rural, and remote regions. This multi-method study aims to address this knowledge gap and…
Digital Document
My dissertation investigates late Pleistocene and Holocene glacier change in western Canada and is presented in five chapters. In chapter one, I discuss the importance of the cryosphere, the techniques used for reconstructing past glacier behavior,…
Digital Document
The effective treatment of oily sludge has been a challenging problem faced by the petroleum industry worldwide. It is a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbons, water, metallic ions, and suspended fine solids. The recalcitrant nature of oily sludge…
Digital Document
Traditionally, models of conceptual knowledge have relied upon amodal theories that largely overlook how environmental stimuli are converted into amodal representations and how perceptions reactivate these representations and translate them back…
Digital Document
The strategic allocation of resources to maximize fitness is the organizing principle shaping the evolution of life histories. The physiology and behaviour of animals is a manifestation of trade-offs in resource allocation among traits and…
Digital Document
The three western Canadian provinces (British Columbia, Alberta and Saskatchewan) are responsible for more than 90 % of the 2017 national total fugitive methane (CH4) emissions from the oil and gas sector. Several survey-based previous studies…
Digital Document
Transcutaneous near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) of muscle requires coupling between the device and the skin. An unfortunate by-product of this coupling is contact force artefact, where the amount of contact force between the device and the skin…