First Nations governance: a case study of the Tl'etinqox-t'in

This project examines best practices in First Nations governance structures and compares these to present day structures in the Tl'etinqox-t'in in government using a case study methodology. The following question is explored: What are the barriers to developing a more effective governance structure in the Tl'etinqox-t'in community? To answer this research question a review of current literature and a case study format will be used. The paper outlines the history and development of First Nations governance as defined by the Indian Act (1876), and how Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) policies have imposed challenges for development of effective First Nations governance structures. A comparison is offered between researched best practice in governance structures and current First Nations governance structures. Four key elements of effective governance are identified in the research: constitutions, localized governance structures, accountability and transparency, and revenue creation. These elements are compared to the current practices of the Tl'etinqox-t'in government. Recommendations, based on the research findings, are then presented to assist the Tl'etinqox-t'in government structures to become more closely aligned with effective practice.