This literature review analyses how nurse practitioners can assist childhood mental health as led by the research question “What interventions can be implemented by NPs in a primary care setting for children 0-5 years old that are exhibiting internalizing/externalizing behaviours?” To answer this question, 10 research studies were analysed using a literature review matrix as guided using the steps of problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis, and presentation, which focuses on the interpretation of the findings, discussion, and recommendations for practice. Final recommendations are based around the two themes of parental change and health promotion through education and screening. Parental change is implemented through parenting classes, regular attendance of appointments and classes, and using local or online resources. Health promotion through education of childhood milestones and internalizing and externalizing behaviours and the consistent use of screening tools in well-child visits. This review emphasizes the benefits of an NP being involved in childhood mental health care.
