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Page Fifty-two

Donemana, County Tyrone. The badge was later discontinued and replaced by the better known Constabulary Medal.

Sir Henry Brownrigg retired in 1865, his place as Inspector-General being filled by the promotion of the Deputy, Col. John Stewart Wood, C.B.

Colonel Wood remained head of the force until 1876. Before his retirement he was advanced to knighthood in his own Order of the Bath for his work with the police.

Up to this time the two cities of Dublin and Belfast had retained their town police, the only parts of Ireland remaining outside constabulary jurisdiction. Now Belfast, forced by sectarian strife with which its local police were unable to deal, turned to the constabulary. In 1864 extensive riots embroiled the town, requiring 300 infantry, two troops of cavalry, as well as the town police and 400 constabularymen to suppress. So exemplary was the conduct of the loaned

of the civil war. Conspirators and dollars soon began to arrive in Ireland. Caches of arms and ammunition were uncovered by police almost daily. Local raids upon police stations for arms were frequent. From hid- ing, Stephens issued proclamation after proclamation inciting rebellion and pledging himself to take the field.

It was not until 1867, however, that the Fenians struck their main blow in the counties of Dublin and Kerry. Forewarned, the alert constabulary frustrated an attack on Dublin planned for March 5th. Under cover of darkness, Sub-Inspector Dominick Burke and two constables captured an am- munition convoy proceeding to the rallying point of the Fenian forces at Tallagh Hill outside the city. At Drogheda, a force of 1000 assembling in the town square was dispersed by 20 constabulary, under Sub- Inspector Robert Gardiner. Other small bodies of Fenians, moving towards Tallagh.

Marching order in Depot, late 1800's.

constabulary marked as it was by tact and restraint, that a commission appointed to inquire into the policing of the city recom- mended obsorption into the system. On June 29th, 1865, the city was taken over, 130 men being set as the minimum strength to be stationed in Belfast under command of a town Inspector, later to be designated City Commissioner. Dublin was to retain its own metropolitan police force, founded in 1836, until its consolidation with the Civic Guard on the creation of the Irish Free State.

Inspector-General Wood had not long assumed command when the force had again to substitute the rifle for the baton, to meet the Fenian uprising.

FOUNDING OF THE FENIAN SOCIETY

James Stephens, Scarlet Pimpernel of Irish history, who had been an aide of O’Brien’s at Farrinrory, feigning death, escaped to France. His adventures there, in the United States and in Ireland, where 1865 found him in disguise as teacher in a girls’ school in Kilkenny, resulted in the founding of the Fenian Society. Banned by the church, the society found little favour with the native Irish. But in the United States it found adherents among the ex- patriated Irish, many of them ex-soldiers

—Courtesy Belfast Newsletter. were intercepted and dispersed by vigilant police patrols and the city was saved. POLICE STATIONS UNDER SIEGE

At the same time attacks on police stations throughout the midlands and south met with little success.

At Kilmallock, County Limerick, 1500 men under the rebel general, Dunne, at- tacked the post of 14 constables under Head Constable Richard Adams. Volley

after volley was poured into the building.

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