shipped. A sawmill is located at Buckley Bay. The
Powell River and Ocean Falls Pulp Companies have
extensive holdings on the islands and logging is
carried on continuously in cutting for the mills.

The suitability of Graham Island for agriculture
has been much discussed. Opinions differ. Some
say there are great possibilities; others the con-
trary. here is one thing certain, however: that
at various points on Graham Island agriculture in
many branches, especially raising of fruit and vege-
tables and stock, can be carried on with much
success. Some settlers produce almost all they need
in way of food and require only a few staple lines
that would be necessary anywhere. It is also pos-
sible to produce for the market in good quantity.

Graham Island Farmers’ Institute has about fifty
members. So far there has been little serious farm-
ing on any scale. Here and there, mostly along the
coast and inlets, are small patches of clearings, and
some individual settlers have produced prize vege-
tables and small fruits. Some who have spent
several years on the islands have productive little
mixed farms, whose success indicates that the pro-
ductivity of the islands is beyond dispute.

Most of the agricultural development is near the
coast. When the timber is cleared and swampy
areas drained and aerated there will be a great area
available for farming purposes. That good produce
can be grown is evidenced by the continued successes
of Lawn Hill District at Prince Rupert Exhibition
in competition with many northern districts. East
of a line drawn from Skidegate to Jalun River are
about 500,000 acres of wet, mossy, partly open
country, the bulk of which can be drained and pre-
pared for cultivation at average cost of about $150
an acre. Much consists of bog-moss, 6 inches to
over 8 feet deep, overlying half-made peat, under
which is in some parts sand, in others gravelly clay,
and more rarely hard-pan. Where reclaimed by
drainage and aeration these lands, when cultivated,
have produced good crops. The western part, and
near the shore, belting stream-ways and side-hills,
grows heavy timber, chiefly spruce, hemlock, and
cedar, and many low ridges grow second growth.
Underbrush is generally thick. Although there are
no wide stretches of open country, there are, not
only in the north-eastern lowland, but also in the
central basin, fairly extensive swampy areas, or
muskeg, which support coarse grasses, mosses, or
broad-leafed plants, but have only stunted and
scattered scrub timber. In places muskeg occurs
on fairly steep slopes, probably accounted for by

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