190 THE GREAT DENE RACE.

In the first place, let it be well understood that all these contrivances
are of open trellis work, generally of free fir split and shaved to the size
of a switch, and held in position by means of wattap, or thin spruce root.

The first four necessitate the barring of the streams with weirs, or bar-
riers made of stout stakes driven into the bed of the river, with intervals
filled in with hurdles of spruce twigs, after the manner of the Kamstkadals
and other aborigines of northeastern Asia. The river being thus cut off from
shore to shore, all ascent becomes impossible to the fish except through
certain openings which lead into the nazrweet, sorts of funnel-shaped bas-
kets which usually terminate in very narrow and long cylinders, also of open

work, which preclude the possibility of escape, for the lack of room to turn
back. These narrow conduits, in which the fish soon gets so cramped that it
can hardly move, are the khws, of which several may occasionally be used
in immediate succession. At the end of the farthest from the nazrwoet, some
still add rectangular box-like reservoirs, yuta-skhai, provided with conical
ducts tapering into the box which are intended to prevent the egress of the
fish. The large apparatus standing by the fisherman in our full page illu-
stration is a nazrweet.

The *kintzai is of easier construction and in more general use. It is a
large cylindrical basket, perhaps fifteen feet long by four in diameter when
serving to catch salmon. Closed at one end, its entrance, which is at the other,