_ the lots contain wide areas of rich alluvial land
largely covered with willow-brush. Like the Wil-
_ low, to the west, with an intervening divide attain-
ing 6,000 feet in the southern part and falling off
to the north, it is a fast stream, with many rapids
and canyons, with deep narrow valley at the head,
widening gradually in parts, and 6 to 8 miles wide
in the lower part. Boats can be used on the river,
_ but there is enough bad water to make it advisable
for inexperienced boatmen to keep off the water.
A forest reconnaissance covering 766,640 acres
in this basin showed 681,320 acres timbered, 75.200
acres of burns. The stand on the area cruised was
4,259,808 M. board-feet—54 per cent. spruce; 19
_ per cent. balsam-fir; 10 per cent. lodgepole pine;
8 per cent. Douglas fir; 8 per cent. hemlock; the
best stand being for some miles north of Indian-
point Creek.
- i

Bowron River tro Granp Canyon.

For some miles above Bowron River to near the
Grand Canyon the valley is a flood-plain of deep
alluvial matter, 5 to 15 feet above the river, over-

| looked by broad, nearly level terraces extending

back to the rocky hills on the north-east and south-
west. Soil is usually fine sandy loam. There are
numerous patches of brick-clay which may prove
of industrial value. The terraces increase in height
with distance from the river to 250 feet, the greater
part of the area being 25 to 60 feet above the river.
Subsoil on the terraces is usually coarser than on
the flats, gravel of moderate fineness. Occasional
hills and ridges of limestone project through layers
of sand and gravel to height of 100 to 300 feet;
otherwise there is not much variety to the eontour,
The terraces are level’ or gently sloping, except
where edges overlook lower ground, and here bor-
dering slopes of 15° are common and steep-sided
gullies where the drainage delivers to the fiat. The
flood-plain reaches greatest width on McGregor and
Bowron Rivers above their junctions, and between
the island Lot 3105, 114 miles west of Dewey, and
the Grand Canyon. The most convenient division
of the flat area is into willow-swamps, open
meadows, and lightly timbered swamps. Willow-
Swamps are widest along the McGregor, extending
a quarter of a mile or more from the river. The
Fraser is generally bordered by a belt of willows
backed by poplars or cottonwoods, the willows being
_ replaced by alders along tributaries. Open meadows
vary from grassy patches to tracts of over 100
“acres, shut in by spruce forest and commonly
sprinkled with hardhack bushes, the larger
~ meadows crossed by winding sloughs, old beaver