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approximately along the present course of the creek. A narrow drift-
filled channel in which hydraulicking has been carried on in recent years,
extends upstream at the head of the upper hydraulic pit. A remarkable
feature of the creek is the series of irregular rock benches on the east side
opposite the lower part of Red gulch and along the bed of the creek on the
west side of the upper hydraulic pit. The benches have been cut through
a by the deep upper channel and proved to be very productive in gold. They
| slope gradually downstream and appear to connect with a buried channel
which extends approximately along the course of the line of bore-holes
near the junction of the main road and the Mosquito Creek road. The
channel, however, has a higher gradient in its lower part than the benches
and is, therefore, newer. The benches appear to represent old channels
of the creek that were formed before the deep bedrock valleys were cut.
They were somewhat modified by glacial erosion and before commencement
of mining operations were almost completely concealed by glacial drift.
It is extraordinary that they should have been preserved, even in part, and
be rich in gold in spite of the effects of glaciation. The creek is said to have
produced $3,500,000 in gold. This estimate is probably a somewhat
exaggerated one, but there is no doubt that large amounts were obtained
and that the creek for the length of the productive part—about one-half
mile—has produced more gold than any other creek in the area.

Mining on Mosquito creek has been carried on to some extent practic-
ally every season since the sixties. The deep channels have all been mined
by drifting, but there is some uncertainty as to how far downstream the
deepest channel was drifted and whether driftings were carried below the
old Oliver shaft. The lower parts of the channels near Willow river are
said not to have paid so well as the upper parts, and probably the drifting
was carried as far as the pay-gravels extended. Red gulch was mined
partly by drifting and partly by open-cuts, but did not prove very rich
except near the junction of its deep channel with that of Mosquito creek,
although some gold was found on the creek, in places nearly to its source.
Hydraulicking on Mosquito creek was carried on for many years by the
Flinn brothers and since 1908 by John Hopp, who controls practically
all the ground, but the operations have always been limited because of the
small water supply. Water is obtained by a ditch along the northeast
side of the mountain and there are two small reservoirs for storage purposes.
Water sufficient for a No. 2 and a No. 4 Monitor is available for from two
weeks to six weeks, depending on the season. Hydraulicking during the
past few years has been carried on in the narrow, upper channel. The
channel is V-shaped and is only about 50 feet wide between the rock rims
at the top and averages about 40 feet in depth. The channel is filled with
glacial gravels, with some silty clay beds 15 to 20 feet above the bottom,
and boulder clay on the right bank near the top. The channel was drifted
on bedrock and on a false bedrock of hard, silty clay about 20 feet above
the bottom. In 1923, about 600 or 700 feet of the channel, up to where it
joins the main creek channel, remained for hydraulicking. This represents
only a few years work, as the channel narrows upstream and the pit has
advanced during the past few years at the rate of about 100 feet a year,
although only one or two men were employed in the work. There is also
about 400 feet of channel extending from the head of the lower hydraulic