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whole period, apparently only a few yards of the channel gravels were
obtained for testing of the values. Careful records were kept of the flow
of water and of the water pressure. All the water coming into the mine
was forced to flow over a weir placed in the air lock and was thus measured.
The water pressure was measured by placing gauges on pipes leading from
bore-holes that extended from the tunnel into the channel gravels. The
water pressure varied from 85 to 107 pounds per square inch, but usually
remained at about 98 pounds, and was only occasionally reduced to 85 or
90 pounds. The flow of water for two or three years after the first openings
into the channel were made in 1902 varied between 500 and 775 gallons
a minute. When it began to be realized that the draining of the ground
was going to prove a very slow process, an effort was made to increase the
flow of water by making fresh openings into the channel. The flow was
increased for a time in 1905 to 812 gallons a minute, which was about
all the pumps could handle. During part of 1906 it fell off to 730 gallons
a minute and in January, 1907, was only 660 gallons a minute. In
February, 1907, two new boilers and a direct-acting hoisting engine were
installed to operate two counterbalanced water boxes slung on cables in
the two hoisting compartments of the shaft. The boxes were made too
large for the plant, but were cut down and had a capacity of 340 gallons
a minute when run at full speed, but only 225 gallons when operated
safely, for trouble was experienced in attempting to operate the direct-
acting engine at high speed. With this auxiliary pumping plant the water
flow from the mine was increased to 970 gallons a minute, but the pressure
remained at about 90 pounds. The drain tunnel was also cleaned out and
extended upstream to cut off the surface water. In August, 1907, a two
weeks continuous run at capacity was made and as this had no appreciable
effect on lowering the pressure operations were suspended on September
4. It was proposed to develop hydroelectric power for operation of the
mine, by damming Willow river at the rock canyon a short distance below
the junction of Slough creek, by bringing water by means of a tunnel from
Jack of Clubs lake, or by bringing the water in ditches some distance down
Willow river and establishing a power plant there, but nothing further
was done. Four of the boilers and much of the mining machinery remain
at the mine. The pumps were left in the pump chamber. The shaft is
open and filled with water up to the groundwater-level 573 feet from the
collar of the shaft. The timbering of the shaft is probably fairly sound up
to the water-level. The property is said to be held at the present time by
Lady Bevan-Edwards.

The reason why the ground could not be drained nor the pressure
materially lessened, although pumping at the rate of nearly 1,000,000
gallons a day was carried on almost continuously for five years, cannot be
definitely determined because all the factors which must be taken into
consideration are not known. There is evidence, however, which appears
to indicate that the water pressure at the bottom of the channel was
communicated by a column of water that filled the interstices of the gravel,
etc., and extended up to the groundwater-level, that is, to the level of the
drain tunnel, and that, therefore, a constant supply of water was furnished
by the surface drainage waters. The vertical distance from the floor of the
drain tunnel to the deepest part of the channel is 250 feet. A column of

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