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not being satisfactory mining operations were suspended. The mine was
equipped with an overhead cableway operated by waterpower for handling
the boulders; 1,300 feet of 20-inch pipe-line carried the water across the
creek from the ditch to the pit and a No. 6 monitor under a head of about
200 feet was used'. In 1922 a lease of the ground was granted to Dave
Bever, who is mining the shallow ground near the cabins by ground-sluicing.
Water is supplied by a ditch leading from Cunningham creek just below the
junction, the fall of the creek in this distance being 60 feet and the flat on the ©
south side of the creek being 15 to 20 feet above the creek. The ground
is only 3 to 6 feet deep on the flat near the cabins and for some distance
upstream, and the Recent gravels resting on bedrock as well as the glacial
gravels in the benches above the creek carry some gold and are easily mined.

The distribution of the placer gold on upper Cunningham creek, as
shown by the mining operations, was erratic and the absence of a rich
pay-streak throughout the greater part of the bedrock channel in the
valley bottom was, without much doubt, due to the effects of glaciation.
The occurrence of crevices in the glaciated bedrock at Cunningham “‘bar,”
containing large quantities of placer gold, is one of the most remarkable
in the district. It would seem to show that a rich pay-streak formerly
existed on or near bedrock in the valley bottom and that the glacier which
moved down the valley partly destroyed the pay-streak but did not erode
the bedrock to a sufficient depth, at this place, to remove the gold which
had been concentrated in the crevices. Certainly the placer gold must
have been released by weathering from the parent rock and concentrated
in the valley bottom before the glaciers appeared. It is conceivable that
the gold was transported a short distance downstream by the ice or by
streams issuing from the ice and was concentrated in the crevices at the
time of occupancy by the ice or after its retreat, but this seems improbable
because the gold is said to have been too coarse and nuggety to have been
transported by the stream and because a thin layer of cemented sand and
silt partly covers the surface of the bedrock, in places nearly closing the
upper parts of the crevices. The depression in the bedrock in the valley
bottom above the “bar”? was probably the result of glacial erosion and,
therefore, contained no rich pay-streak, although, as would be expected,
the glacial and post-glacial gravels filling it contain some gold. The
occurrence of gold in the gravels overlying the glacial clay in the lower
part of the creek near the junction shows that some of the gold was trans-
ported by the ice and included in the glacial drift, because the concen-
trations of gold in these surface gravels was the result of erosion of the
glacial drift and not of the bedrock. The gold must, therefore, have been
included in the drift. It is possible that a small part of it was derived
from erosion of the bedrock by the glaciers, but the greater part was prob-
ably derived from the old concentrations in the valley bottoms. The
great width of the valley bottom in the part below the bend down to the
junction, and its lower gradient, suggest that this part was glacially
eroded and overdeepened and that, therefore, a rich pay-streak would not
be expected to occur in the valley bottom. The rock benches along the

1Ann. Repts., Minister of Mines, B.C., 1904-1908.
20285—63