Transportation is afforded by the Canadian Na-
tional steamers, which maintain a service once a
week from Prince Rupert and Vancouver, calling
each way at Masset, Port Clements, Buckley Bay,
Sandspit, Skidegate, Queen Charlotte, Jedway, Rose
Harbour, and Lockeport. The principal roads are
those along the east coast from Skidegate to the
Tlell, with branches inland from Haida and Lawn
Hill, and roads south from Tow Hill, east from
Woden and Nadu Rivers, and from Port Clements
and Graham Centre to Meyer Lake. There are
numerous trails, one to the south from Masset Inlet
via Yakoun River and one from Port Clements to
Tlell, and another from Naden to Otard Bay, on
the west coast, where oil-boring operations have
been carried on, in addition to many shorter trails.

Resources include timber, minerals, and fisheries.
There is considerable merchantable timber—spruce,
cedar, and hemlock, and yellow cedar, or cypress,
occurs, seldom in large patches. The larger growth
is in the western part. Considerable spruce was
exported for aeroplane-construction during the war.
A large number of timber limits are held and log-
ging is proceeding in some places. Minerals include
gold, silver, copper, iron, and other ores, anthracite
and bituminous coal, and surface indications of
petroleum are found. Several mines are being de-
veloped and tests made of gold-bearing sands which
exist south of Cape Fife and at other places. Coal
was discovered over thirty years ago at several
places, the most important being Kagan and vi-
cinity, Camps Robertson and Wilson and Anthra-
cite; a geologist’s estimate is that there is a prob-
able anthracite reserve of about 293,000,000 tons
and a lignite reserve of about 1,000,000,000 tons.
Oil-boring operations have been carried on at
several places, prospecting being chiefly in areas of
bituminous shale, particularly on the west coast be-
tween Tian Head and Frederick Island. Fairly
high-grade deposits, some very extensive, exist of
clays suitable for brick-making and other products.

The fishing-banks off the island are extensive.
Halibut-fishing has been carried on by fleets from
Prince Rupert and Vancouver off the islands for
many years. A cannery operates in the autumn on
Masset Inlet. A small plant engages in canning
erabs at Naden Harbour. Until recently a plant
established in the seventies engaged in producing
dogfish-oil at Skidegate. Two whaling-stations are
established, but one now operating, at Naden
Harbour.

Lumbering has been carried on intermittently.
During the war considerable aeroplane spruce was

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