38 c FINLAY AND OMENICA RIVERS.

ea Morainic hills, among which small lakes are interspersed, occur near
ie the summit of the pass leading from Tom’s Creek to Tacla Lake.

Boulder-clay On the Finlay River, boulder-clay is scarce below Deserter’s Cajion.

Denk. The river in this stretch is bordered for long distances by banks of
alluvial clays and sands, and where the higher terraces are cut into, the
sections show, as a rule, only the upper stratified sands and silts. From
Deserters’ Cafion to the bend of the Finlay, boulder-clay banks, some
of which are 225 feet in height, are frequent. The boulder-clay here
is often imperfectly stratified and often passes horizontally into gravel
beds. Striated stones are common, but the majority of the pebbles are
water-worn to a varying extent. No boulder-clay was noticed on the
Finlay above its bend, the banks usually consisting of rolled gravels
overlying the older rocks in the swifter portions of the stream, and of
alluvial clays and sands where the current becomes sluggish.

Terrasce. Terraces were observed at a number of places. Along Peace River
Pass they occur up to a height of about 400 feet and on the Omenica
below the mouth of the Oslinca, up to a height of 250 feet. On the
Finlay, north-east of Fort Grahame, rolled gravels and traces of terraces
easily distinguishable at a distance, occur up to a height of 2000 feet
above the river. High terraces were also noticed lining the sides of
the mountains at the Fishing Lakes. A well-marked terrace, built of
silty clay and gravel, occurs here at a height of 1250 feet above the
river or 4500 feet above the sea, and others less distinct were found
up to a height of 1950 feet above the river.

Glacial suc The glacial succession, when fully developed, consists in ascending
cession: order of gravels, associated in places with stratified sands and silts;
boulder-clays holding occasional pebble beds; stratified sands, clays
and gravels ; and terraces. The position of the light coloured silts on
the Omenica, below Germansen Landing, was not ascertained, as
their contact with the other members of the glacial section is concealed.

The alluvium-filled rock-basins which the Finlay enters six miles
above the Thudaca, and the Omenica, near Slate Creek, probably
owe their origin to recent differential crustal movements.

Economic Notes.

Discoveries of The first discovery of gold in the Peace River country was made on
eee the Parsnip, about 20 miles above its mouth, by Bill Cust, in 1861.
In the following year Pete Toy’s bar on the Finlay, a few miles below
the Omenica was found, and for some time proved wonderfully pro-
ductive, the yield amounting to about $50 per day to the man. Silver