ECONOMIC CONDITIONS. 137

and the few days that follow a heavy rain fall. Hence it is hardly adapted
to agriculture. Yet in such places as are favoured with a constant supply of
water the Navahoes manage to raise corn, beans, wheat, melons, potatoes, etc.,
while keeping up their pastoral life which has now replaced that of the warrior
and of the raider.

With them sheep are to-day what reindeer is to their less fortunate kin-
smen who roam to the west of Hudson Bay. Almost every Navaho family
possesses a flock of sheep and goats numbering anything between a hundred
and two thousand head. Herds of cattle, horses and other large domestic ani-
mals are also common throughout their country. The following list of the
stock now owned by the Navahoes will tell of economic conditions which
are not unsatisfactory, especially if we compare them with the pitiful desti-
tution generally prevalent among the northern Dénés.

Déné Bands eres Mules Cattle Sheep Goats
Navaho Reservation . . 45.000 7.000 425.000 75.000
Western Navahoes . . . 5.200 2.000 11.500 6.000
Nav. Extension . . . . 426 100 10.000 2.000
New Mexico Navahoes . 1.032 150 2.000 500
San Juan Nav . . . . 15,000 3.000 200.000 25.000

Totals 66.658 12.250 648.500 108.500

Nay, even the unredeemed Apaches have now their little farms, by the
side of which they find room for the following live stock:

Horses, Mules

Déné Bands FRG! BIOS Cattle Sheep Goats

White Mountain. . . . 5.82] 1504 674 9
Sei Chiles Se 8g 8g DOG, 280 — —
Jicarilla eee IGG 25 2000 2000
iMescaleromeees aaa tener 880 — 6500 1750
Totals 11.608 1809 9174 3759

Even these figures, however, betray a significant disparity in the number
of those animals the possession of which is essential to the welfare of the
nomad and those which predicate a pastoral, and therefore more sedentary,
mode of life. Thus the Apaches have, in proportion to their entire stock, nine
and a half times more horses and mules than the Navahoes. This only datum
is of itself an excellent gauge of the present condition of the two tribes
themselves.