Ancient voleanic
mountains.

Eliguck or
Uhl-ghak Lake.

26 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA,

size. About a mile beyond the last named lake, Tsil-be-kuz Lake,
(Kultus Coolie of the maps) is approached at its east end. It discharges
westward into the Blackwater, which here makes a hook-shaped bend,
enclosing this and the two other lakes before referred to. At its third
crossing, north of Tsil-be-kuz Lake, the Blackwater, instead of flowing
in a deep valley as before, is found nearly at the general level of the
plateau, and though easily fordable in the middle of summer, was a rapid
and difficult stream to.raft and swim horses across in June.

From the north bank a’good view is obtained of a snowy range of
mountains, of which the higher parts are included between 8. 37:5° W.
and §.5° W. The surface of the country slopes up gradually towards
its base, while the higher portions are more or less covered with snow on
the shady exposures the whole summer. The peaks probably attain an
elevation of 7,000 feet above the sea, or almost 3,500 feet above the point
of view. ‘This is the central of three isolated snowy ranges which lie
east of the Coast Mountains, between the main valleys of the Black-
water and Salmon River to the north, and that of the Bella Coola and its
tributaries to the south. It is called l-ga-chuz by the Indians, while
that lying between it and the Coast Ranges is known as Tsi-tsutl,
and that to the east is named It-cha. Between Il-ga-chuz and T'si-tsutl, a
remarkable isolated mountain called Beece, or Anahim’s Peak, is situated,
and stands on the west side of the southern part of the Salmon River.
These mountains were at first supposed, from their appearance, to be
formed of beds like those of the vicinity of Tatlayoco Lake, tilted at
low angleson the flanks of metamorphic rocks. They were, however,
subsequently found to consist entirely of volcanic materials, and to
mark the sites of three great vents, from which in Tertiary times a

large part of the basalt which has flooded all this region, must have

been derived.

In continuing westward for about ten and a-half miles, the valley of
the Uhl-gha-ko, an important tributary of the Blackwater, is followed,
and Kliguck Lake (more correctly Uhl-ghak) is reached. The country
is flat, or gently rolling, with sandy or stony soil more or less densely
timbered with small pines, and, with the exception of a few spots of
limited extent, not even affording grazing for animals. Where it
issues from the lake, the brook was estimated to have a width of fifteen
feet, With a depth of two feet, and a sluggish current. At the lake is a
meadow of fine grass, with an Indian house belonging to a man of some
consequence called Smi-you, and a few Indian graves. This I believe to

be the place described on page 304 of Mackenzie’s narrative. Uhl-ghak