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Page Fifty-two

Donemana, County Tyrone. The badge
was later discontinued and replaced by the
better known Constabulary Medal.

Sir Henry Brownrigg retired in 1865, his
place as Inspector-General being filled by
the promotion of the Deputy, Col. John
Stewart Wood, C.B.

Colonel Wood remained head of the force
until 1876. Before his retirement he was
advanced to knighthood in his own Order
of the Bath for his work with the police.

Up to this time the two cities of Dublin
and Belfast had retained their town police,
the only parts of Ireland remaining outside
constabulary jurisdiction. Now Belfast,
forced by sectarian strife with which its
local police were unable to deal, turned to
the constabulary. In 1864 extensive riots
embroiled the town, requiring 300 infantry,
two troops of cavalry, as well as the town
police and 400 constabularymen to suppress.
So exemplary was the conduct of the loaned

of the civil war. Conspirators and dollars
soon began to arrive in Ireland. Caches of
arms and ammunition were uncovered by
police almost daily. Local raids upon police
stations for arms were frequent. From hid-
ing, Stephens issued proclamation after
proclamation inciting rebellion and pledging
himself to take the field.

It was not until 1867, however, that the
Fenians struck their main blow in the
counties of Dublin and Kerry. Forewarned,
the alert constabulary frustrated an attack
on Dublin planned for March 5th. Under
cover of darkness, Sub-Inspector Dominick
Burke and two constables captured an am-
munition convoy proceeding to the rallying
point of the Fenian forces at Tallagh Hill
outside the city. At Drogheda, a force of
1000 assembling in the town square was
dispersed by 20 constabulary, under Sub-
Inspector Robert Gardiner. Other small
bodies of Fenians, moving towards Tallagh.

Marching order in Depot, late 1800's.

constabulary marked as it was by tact and
restraint, that a commission appointed to
inquire into the policing of the city recom-
mended obsorption into the system. On
June 29th, 1865, the city was taken over,
130 men being set as the minimum strength
to be stationed in Belfast under command of
a town Inspector, later to be designated City
Commissioner. Dublin was to retain its own
metropolitan police force, founded in 1836,
until its consolidation with the Civic Guard
on the creation of the Irish Free State.

Inspector-General Wood had not long
assumed command when the force had again
to substitute the rifle for the baton, to meet
the Fenian uprising.

FOUNDING OF THE FENIAN SOCIETY

James Stephens, Scarlet Pimpernel of
Irish history, who had been an aide of
O’Brien’s at Farrinrory, feigning death,
escaped to France. His adventures there,
in the United States and in Ireland, where
1865 found him in disguise as teacher in
a girls’ school in Kilkenny, resulted in the
founding of the Fenian Society. Banned by
the church, the society found little favour
with the native Irish. But in the United
States it found adherents among the ex-
patriated Irish, many of them ex-soldiers

—Courtesy Belfast Newsletter.
were intercepted and dispersed by vigilant
police patrols and the city was saved.
POLICE STATIONS UNDER SIEGE

At the same time attacks on police stations
throughout the midlands and south met with
little success.

At Kilmallock, County Limerick, 1500
men under the rebel general, Dunne, at-
tacked the post of 14 constables under
Head Constable Richard Adams. Volley

after volley was poured into the building.

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