Vegetation. Tai-uk stream. Terraces. 22 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. misia frigida.) There is little arable land in the valley, but a considerable area fitted for stock ranges. On the 5th of June the young grass was showing well above’ the dead tops of the old, while small patches which had been burnt over were vivid green. An Indian who is in the habit of wintering a few horses here, cuts a stack of hay for their use in the autumn, and does not trouble himself further about them till the spring. Where sandy beaches occur, the scrub. pine invariably forms groves, in which many of tbe trees were here observed to be dead and dying from the effect of the parasitic Arcuthobium, which hangs upon them in masses. The river is generally fringed with dark groves of tall sym- metrical black spruces (Abies Hnglemannt), while small poplars character- ize the slopes. This valley may be taken as a type of many which intersect the northern part of the interior plateau, of which most are probably yet unknown, but which must in the aggregate represent a great area capable of feeding cattle and horses. On ascending to the higher plateaus or low hills bordering the valley, the surface is found to be composed of the boulder clay, generally stony, and either covered with thick forests of the scrub pine, with windfall, or the young growth succeeding fires. Where the timber has been pretty thoroughly burnt over, by the passage of a fire, killing the original forest, followed by the uprooting of the dead trees by wind, and then by one or more subsequent fires among the prostrate timber, fair grazing is frequently found, and in many places grass, with pea, vetch and other nutritious plants come up in great abundance. Following the Tai-uk stream for eight miles, its source is found in Choo-tan-li Lake, at an elevation of 3,600 feet. The valley of the stream is narrow, and slopes upward more rapidly than the general surface of the country gains in elevation, so that on reaching the lake one appears to be at about the level of the plateau. The Kuy-a-Kuz Mountains, rising to the west, showed large patches of snow on their summits at this date (June 7th). It is on the north-western continuation of this range that Fawnie or Toot-i-ai Mountain is developed. Terraces are well displayed in the Eu-chen-i-ko Valley, at heights estimated near Tas-un-tlat Lake at forty, 100, and 250 feet above the stream. The highest of these would have an elevation of about 3,280 feet above the sea. Near the Tai-uk stream terraces 3,400 to 3,500 feet above the sea are found. In travelling from Choo-tan-li Lake southward to the Blackwater River, a part of the very obscure and almost disused Indian trail, from