SHELLEY SAWMILLS LTD.

Head Office: 1182 - 3rd Avenue

Manufacturers of

Mill at Shelley, B.C.

WESTERN WHITE SPRUCE LUMBER
PRINCE GEORGE, British Columbia

A. NASH, M.E.8S.E. G, C. NASH

NASH ENGINEERING WORKS

Manufacturers Sawmills and Sawmill
Machinery—Oxy-Acetylene and Elec-
tric Welding — Saw and Machinery
Repairs—New and Second-Hand Ma-
chinery and Mill Supplies — Foundry
Castings in Brass, Aluminum.

Selling Agents:
Canadian Fairbanks Morse; National
Machinery Co.; Spear & Jackson (B.C.)
Lid.; Henry Disston & Sons Litd.;
Simonds Canada Saw Co. Lid.
General Supplies; Saws, Files and Mill
Supplies; Machinery; Structural Steel
and Logging Equipment.
Phone 129-R-1

870 3rd Ave. PRINCE GEORGE, B.C.

BLAIR’S Outfitting Ltd.

*
RANGES — HARDWARE — PAINTS
MEN’S CLOTHING — RADIOS, ETC.
*

Phone 4-L-1 470 George Street
PRINCE GEORGE, BRITISH COLUMBIA

MAJESTIC CAFE

Specializing in
CANADIAN and CHINESE DISHES
The Best Food in the North

Phone 473 R1 3rd Avenue
PRINCE GEORGE, BRITISH COLUMBIA

CARL WEDEMEYER
PAINTING

DECORATING — PAPERHANGING
Phone: Res. 274-L-2

377 Dominion St., PRINCE GEORGE, B.C.

GEORGE’S GRILL

Mr. and Mrs. George Stanko, Props.

Specializing in Tasty Meals
European and Canadian
HOME COOKING

5th Avenue and Dominion Street
PRINCE GEORGE, BRITISH COLUMBIA

Page Sixty

question will not be out of place in
discussing additional information
which can be gathered from broken
glass.

Let us take first of all gunshots
through glass. A great deal of informa-
tion can be gathered from _ holes
through a pane of glass. A few years
ago, two police officers were shot and
killed by bandits as the latter were
escaping. The officers were standing
on the side of the road and were
killed by shots through the rear win-
dow of the “get-away” car. Later the
culprits were brought to trial, and in
their defence, alleged that the police
officers had fired first, and that being
under the impression the police offi-
cers were themselves bandits, they had
returned the fire with fatal results to
the two officers.

An expert on glass was called on
behalf of the prosecution, who was
able to prove that the first shot was
fired from within the speeding car,
and that the shots fired by the officers
were fired after those from the
bandits’ guns. This resulted in break-
ing down the case for the defence.

To explain how information can be
secured from pieces of glass the
theory of breaking glass must first of
all be examined. A pane of glass bends
when force is applied to it. When it
has reached the limit of its ability to
bend, it cracks, the break starting on
the side farthest from the force. As the
break occurs, new bends take place,
this time towards the direction of
force, and therefore cracks appear on
this side. The first cracks are called
“radial fractures,” while the secondary
cracks are called “concentric frac-
tures.”

When a bullet strikes a pane of
glass, radial fractures often extend
across the pane. Each radial crack
really breaks up the pane into two
panes, and any subsequent shots fired
through the glass which result in new
radial fractures will be “stopped” by
preceding fractures. By this means
it is possible to tell the rotation of
fire from two guns of different calibre,

B.C. SPRUCE SALES LTD.

Manufacturers and Wholesalers of

WESTERN WHITE SPRUCE, FIR, LUMBER AND CEDAR LUMBER
HEAD OFFICE: PRINCE GEORGE, B.C.

or from shots fired from inside or
outside.

It is possible also to tell the calibre,
and often the velocity of a bullet
striking a pane of glass. The theory
is that the bullet with high velocity
will leave a much smaller hole than a
bullet of the same calibre with low
velocity. Experiments have shown
that a .22 calibre bullet of low velocity
made a hole as big if not bigger, than
a .45 calibre bullet of high velocity.
However the kind and age of the glass
are no doubt variable factors in tests
of this kind.

The point of entry and the point
of exit determine whether a bullet
has been fired at an acute or at right
angles to a plate of glass.

It will also be noted that if the
fractures occasioned by several bullets
do not intercept each other, no de-
termination can be made relative to
rotation or sequence.

The angle at which a shot passed
through a pane of glass will often be
of great value to the investigator, as
it will give him an idea of the direc-
tion from which the shot was fired.
If an automatic weapon was used, or
a repeating rifle, this information will
aid in locating the expended shells
which may be lying on the ground at
the spot from which the weapon was
fired. A system used quite frequently
in this work, is to take a string, pass
it through the hole, and range it with
the approximate position of the vic
tim’s wound, or the embedded bullet
if the shot missed its mark. The string
is then extended in the direction from
which the shot must have been fired.
The angle of the string will often
determine the exact spot at which the
shot was fired. However if this cannot
be determined, two strings are then
stretched parallel to the first one, and
a few feet on either side. The area
encompassed by the two outer strings
is then carefully combed for the ex-
pended cartridge cases, which so often
form the most vital piece of evidence
in a shooting case.

As a shot passes through a pane of

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