TAKU RIVER ARBA. 89

particularly pronounced towards the mouth of the river. About 2 miles above Taku point
i tee has been formed that can only be crossed by even shallow-draught river-boats at high

e. :

From the mouth of the Taku river to the Tulsequah river the river-bed is featured by a very
gradual gradient, there being a rise of only 70 feet from sea-level in this distance of 26 miles. At
normal water the riyer in this stretch is consequently not excessively swift and can be easily
navigated by small river-boats equipped with 6-horse-power outboard motors.

Above the Tulsequah river the course of the stream rises more steeply and the flow is con-
sequently swifter. It is said to be navigable by small 16-foot outboard-motor powered boats,
with the aid of poling and lining in the more rapid stretches, as far as the confluence of the
Nakina and Sloko rivers, 31 miles above the mouth of the Tulsequah river.

The low-lying valley-bottom of the Taku river, from its mouth to the junction with the
Tulsequah river, is about 2144 miles wide and is generally featured by numerous slough, swamp,
and flood areas, with a few interspersed ridges and elevated patches above flood-water mark.
For 15 miles up-river from its mouth the stream is distributed through many shallow channels.
At about half a mile west of the International boundary the stream is confined for a short
distance to a canyon 200 feet wide, with rock banks about 50 feet in height. Beyond the Inter-
national boundary the stream is again distributed through several shallow channels to beyond
the confluence with the Tulsequah.

In the immediate vicinity of the mouth of the river, and west of Taku point, the tongues of
the great Norris and Taku glaciers reach to the water’s edge. Masses of ice, crumbling from
these glaciers, are sometimes drifted by tide and wind 3 or 4 miles up-stream into the mouth of
the river, and are a factor to be contended with in navigation, especially at night, and in any
construction of piers and wharves that might be undertaken.

Between the river-mouth and the International boundary the tongues of Twin glaciers on
the north side, and Wright glacier on the south side, reach to the confines of the valley-bottom.
These are features that would have to be considered in any road-building that may be under-
taken. East of the International boundary, with the exception of the immense glacier at the
head of the Tulsequah river, there are no glaciers with consequential bearing on the area
described herein. ;

Many small streams flow into the Taku from both banks. The most important tributaries
are: The Sittakanay river, 3 miles south-west of the International boundary, but having its
source and flowing for 9 miles through Canadian territory; the South fork of the Taku river
on the east side, 5 miles north-east of the International boundary; the Tulsequah river on the
west side, 6 miles north-east of the boundary; King Salmon ereek on the east side, 17 miles
above the Tulsequah; Inklin river on the east side, 24 miles above the Tulsequah; Sloko and
Nakina rivers, 31 miles above the Tulsequah. These tributaries and the subsidiary creeks all
offer the best means of access to cross-sectional prospecting of the Taku River area.

_ Camps are situated at Taku point at the mouth of the river; Bullard’s Landing, 4 miles up
the river from Taku point; De Vighne’s camp, 2 miles beyond Bullard’s; at the West Hill
property, 3 miles south-west of the International boundary; at Tulsequah, B.C., on the west
bank of the Taku river, 26 miles from its mouth; and at the Manville group, 3 miles north of
Tulsequah, B.C. :
TULSEQUAH RIVER.

The Tulsequah river is the scene of the most active mineral development at present, with
much promising area still ayailable for prospecting. A detailed description may prove of
interest.

The main stream has its source in an immense unnamed glacier, 14 miles north-westerly of
its junction with the Taku. It isa much more rapid stream than the Taku. For the first 8%
miles from its mouth to the Tulsequah Chief warehouse on the east bank there is a difference
in elevation of the river-bed of 95 feet. From that point to the glacier, 5 miles, there is an
estimated rise of a further 75 feet, so that the gradient of the main river-bed would average
about 14 per cent. for its entire Jength. An East fork of the river follows a subsidiary valley

7

for about 10 miles to the north-east.

The bed of the Tulsequah is spread over a width of half a mile and is featured by innu-
merable shallow, fast-flowing, and continuously changing channels, separated by shifting sand
and gravel bars. Navigation by small boats is extremely difficult and dangerous, and even
with high-powered outboard motors necessitates frequent poling, lining, incessant pole-sounding