coniferous forest. To the west are the Bulkley "Telkwa" mountains
and to the east, the Babine Range.

As one passes through this valley a more abundant roadside
bird life becomes apparent. Sparrow hawks, mountain bluebirds,
Brewer blackbirds, chipping sparrow, and vesper sparrows become
common; red-shafted flickers and crows are seen more often. There
are no meadowlarks. No red-tailed hawks were seen although this
type of country suits their requirements, and it might be mentioned
that no buteos were observed anywhere in central British Columbia.

The portion of the valley adjacent to Smithers is very attrac-
tive scenically with its numerous lakes, the broad river, the roll-
ing foothills and, dominating the picture, the massive peaks, the
glaciers and the snowfields of the Hudson Bay Mountain group.

Toboggan Lake: 1/% mile long, 1/7 mile wide, about eight miles
northwest of Smithers and near the base of Hudson Bay Mountain, is
an expansion of Toboggan Creek, a stream that has its origin amongst
the glaciers on that mountain. The lake is surrounded by willow,
alder and dogwood and in front is a strip of horsetail, rushes,
including Juncus mertensianus, sedges and grasses. At either end

of the lake, along the mouth and the outlet of the stream, are
marshes of the same kind. On July 13 the water was muddy and cold
and a strong flow came down three channels, the main one through an
alder and willow bottom, the others through the marsh referred to.
Half a mile upstream is a beaver pond approximately 75 yards long
and 20 yards wide. The submerged vegetation observed was restricted
to small plants of water buttercup and bladderwort. The only inver-
tebrates found were amphipods and blood worms, neither being plenti-
files

Four adult Baird sandpiper, and one female ring-necked duck
that flew over the lake, were the only water birds observed; the
shed feathers of mallards were noted on top of a muskrat house.

Seymour Lake: 1 mile long, 1/4 to 1/2 mile wide, about one and a
half miles south of Smithers (Fig. 29). The Surrounding forest has
been logged or burned off and replaced largely by deciduous growth.
The shores are of sand, gravel and boulders with the usual thickets
of alder and willow at high water mark. The emergent shoreline
vegetation is chiefly horsetail, sedges, manna grass and spike rush;
these form relatively wide marshes in several places. Buckbean is
plentiful and in the shallows close to shore is a continuous bed of
arrowhead Sagittaria cuneata--in blossom on July 13. Mixed with it
are bur-reed Sparganium multipedunculatum and a large amount of
Potamogeton natans, P gramineus and P. zosteriformis. There is
said to be a fish population of Kamloops trout and suckers; the only
fishes seen were bullheads Cottus as er, the young of which were

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