Rocher Deboule Mountains: This mountain range is situated in the
wide loop formed by the Bulkley and Skeena Rivers. It is the most
prominent feature in the scenery south of Hazelton (Fig. 31). A
road leads from Skeena Crossing to a mine in the Red Rose Basin,

on the south side of the range at the head of Juniper Creek. From
the lowest points, approximately 800 feet altitude, to timberline
at approximately 4,000 feet the road traverses a succession of
forest types in the following order, viz.: 1, aspen with some lodge-
pole pine; 2, black cottonwood, western birch, alder and, along the
creek, heavy shrubbery of red osier dogwood, tall willow and hazel
Corylus californica; 5, western red cedar Thuja plicata, western
hemlock Tsuga heterophylla, and Engelmann spruce; 4, western hem-
lock and alpine fir; 5, dark, cold forest dominated by alpine fir;
here snow banks from avalanches may lie all summer.

A semi-circle of seven peaks encloses Red Rose Basin on three
sides. The opening of the cirque is to the west and from the alp-
lands at 5,000 feet altitude can be seen, far below,the valley of
the Skeena River. From the head of the basin, a stream rushes down
over the narrow boulder-strewn bottom of a small valley. Northward
above this stream the steep side of the valley is timbered for a
mile or so along its base with alpine fir (Fig. 32). Above this
line of forest for 1,000 feet or more the mountain side is part
rock slide, part open, grassy slopes on which are many thickets of
willow, mountain ash, dwarf juniper and procumbent alpine fir.
Flowering plants such as Indian helebore, monkshood Aconitum sp.,
arnicas and erigerons reach their highest development here, more
particularly alongside the little rills that rush down the mountain
side and for the most part are invisible amongst dense foliage.
Above this belt of vegetation are stretches of alpland without shrub-
bery and with a more strictly alpine flora, including dwarf spirea
Spireae pectinata, numerous saxifrages, gentians, veronicas, moss
Campion and many other species. Specimens of the following plants
were collected on this mountain:

Carex mertensii, Salix arctica, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viv-
parum, Rumex acetosa, Silene acaulis, Aconitum delphinifoliun,
Arabis lyrata var. glabrata, Cardamine pennsylvanica, Draba sp.
Rhodiola integrifolis, Saxifraga ferruginea, Saxifraga tricus-
pidata, Tellima grandiflora, Potentilla diversifolia, Rubus
pedatus. Geranium erianthum, Epilobium anagallidifolium,: Pyrola
minor, Gentiana glauca, Campanula lasiocarpa, Hieracium gracile,
Veronica alpina var unalaschkensis, Erigeron peregrinus sp.
callicanthemum, Solidago multiradiata, Arnica latifolia, Circium
edule, Prenanthes alata, Artemisia arctica.

Above the alplands the mountain side is chiefly shale to the
base of a surmounting crest (Fig 33). To the south,on the opposite
side of the little valley,shale slopes, burgundy red in colour and
striped with ribbons of green vegetation, rise steeply from the creek
bottom to the bases of precipitous cliffs. The highest part of the

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