Character of
the country.

‘Vegetation on
burnt ground,

Tanyabunkut
Lake.

Moraines.

The Salmon
House.

30 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. OF CANADA.

The country passed over to-day is stony and barren, and the greater
part of the woods have been removed by fire. The first few miles after
leaving Salmon River Crossing, are over rocks of the basaltic series, but
near Hatty Lake of the map, the surface becomes broken, resembling
the country in the angle between the Iltasyouco and Salmon Rivers, and
is, like it, based on older roeks. There are, however, occasional broad
swampy meadows, affording good feed for animals, but unfit for agricul-
ture. Near the north end of Tanyabunkut gravelly moraines are passed
over, and its south-eastern side is bordered for a short distance by very
high basaltic columns.

The greatly more advanced state of the vegetation where the country
has been cleared by fire, is quite remarkable. The following plants
were noticed in open ground to-day :—Lonicera involucrata, in flower ;
Pyrola rotundifolia, showing colour; Fragaria Virginiana, still in flower,
and Anemone multifida, Rubus arcticus, and Castilleia pallida, in flower ;
Achillea millefolium, beginning to flower; Zinnwa borealis, in bud;

Ledum latijolium, flowering in warm situations; Sedum ? in flower ;
Epilobium angustifolum, not yet in flower.

July 9.—Morning fine; thunder storms with heavy rain in the after-
noon. Waited to take some photographs of the lakes and mountains,
and then travelled on down the north-west side of the lake, camping
about five miles beyond its lower end. Tanyabunkut Lake is about five
miles long, narrow, and with steep rocky banks, composed of Tertiary
volcanic materials, which are cut into by the valley. At its lower end
the valley widens, a high basaltic cliff bounding it to the north.

July 10.—Followed the trail south-westward about seven miles, making
in the last mile a descent of several hundred feet. The trail runs mid-
way between the Salmon River on the right, and the Tai-a-taesli on the
left, the latter stream draining Tanyabunkut Lake, described yesterday.
The first part of the path is over moraine mounds and ridges, which,
though at first almost entirely composed of granite blocks, soon showed a
preponderance of dioritic, and greyish or greenish porphyritic rocks,
like those of the older volcanic series. After making the descent above
referred to, we found a small pond and grassy meadow. Not wishing to
take the heavy packs further, they were here left with the pack mules
in charge of the Indian, Johnny. Riding on for three and a-half miles,
by a very blind trail, much blocked by recent windfall, we suddenly
emerged on the open brow of a hill, from which the Salmon House,
and a considerable length of the Salmon River Valley, were visible.
The valley of the Tahyesco River,—of which the Tai-a-taesli is a branch