ON THE NORTH-WESTERN TRIBES OF CANADA. 17

the day when the first salmon have been caught, the children must stand
on the beach waiting for the boats to return. They must stretch their
arms forward on which the fish are heaped, the head always being kept in
the direction in which the fish are swimming, as else they would cease
running. The children carry them up to the grassy place at the sides of
the squladutq and deposit them there, the heads always being kept in
the same direction, Four flat stones are placed around the salmon, and
the owner burns on each Peucedanum leiocarpum, Nutt., red paint and
bullrushes as an offering to the salmon. Then the men and women who
have painted their faces red, clean and open the salmon. LEach boat’s
crew dig a ditch, about three feet wide and as long as the squlad/utq, in
front of their houses. Long poles are laid along the sides of the ditch
and short sticks are laid across in a zigzag line. On these the salmon
are roasted. The kun’a'liin divides the salmon among the boats’ crews.
When they are done the children go to the ditch and each receives a
salmon, which he or she mus¢ finish. For four days the salmon are roasted
over this ditch. Everyone is given his share by the kun’d/liin, but he
must not touch it. The bones of the salmon that the children have eaten
must not touch the ground and are kept on dishes. On the fourth day
an old woman collects them in a huge basket, which she carries on her
back, and they are thrown into the sea. She acts as though she were
lame. On the fifth day all the men turn over the roasted salmon that
had fallen to their share on the previous days to the kun’d'/liin. When
they come back from fishing the women expect them on the beach carrying
baskets. The salmon are thrown into these, and from this moment no
notice is taken of the direction in which they lie. They are thrown
down under the scaffold and the kun’da/lun divides them into two parts,
one for each crew. Then the women clean and split the fish and tie them
together by twos with strings of carex. The men paint their faces and
dress in their best blankets. They take long poles and stand in one row
at the lower end of the scaffold, one at each beam on which the salmon
are to be hung. A pair of salmon is hung on the point of each pole, and
now the men push four times upward, every time a little higher, blowing
at the same time upward before they hang up the salmon.

SoctaL ORGANISATION AND GOVERNMENT.

The Lku’/figen are divided into the following gentes, each of which
owns a certain coast-strip and certain river-courses on which they have the
exclusive right of fishing, hunting, and picking berries. The following
is a list of the gentes and the territory each occupies :—

> Or 09 DO

/ . 4/
te \ Codboro’ Bay. ie Sedoe'e \ McNeill Bay.
. Sk iigé’nes, Discovery Island. 9, Squi/fqunh, Victoria.
. Sitca’nétl, Oak Bay. | 10. Qsa’pszrm, Esquimalt (=Sasr-
Tek’ungé’n A | ma’ let].
Tcik:an’ate \ ee Bay: ll. Stsa’iiges \ From Esquimalt

| 12. K-éka/yék'rn

| Hach gens has names of its own. There are three classes of people,
_ the nobility, called stlzté'tlk-atl (collective of stlé’tlk'atl, nobleman) ; the
middle class, called ¢la’m’al; and the common people, called #l’az’tcitl.
Kach of these classes has also names of its own, so that a common man

2 HO

to Beecher Bay.