96 REPORT—1890.

The third form of cranium is produced by combination of frontal,
occipital, and lateral pressure. In crania of the southern tribes of this
region, evidence of a pressure upon the lambda may be seen; but the
forehead is at the same time flattened, and the total distance from
glabella to lambda increased, the occiput being inclined backward. There-
fore the occipital index of these cramia 1s very large. The Koskimo cramia
are compressed on all sides, and therefore very long, the axis of the
cranium being depressed.

I give here a series of measurements of crania, showing the typical
deformations. I have to thank Professor F. W. Putnam, Director of the
Peabody Museum of American Archeology of Cambridge, Mass., for his
kind permission to me to describe the three Chinook crania.

|

| 34 ha iM ot :
ta sxe o 4 25 mH aa oS
| 3% Ss | pee | oe =5 ae
| [oge| oe oa ole [= | ae
—— S any s =. = loreShaes

| pSe | RSS | ABE | hl | ee ee

| coe | See es pete | Ee

(Pee AR See EN se : Ce

| mm mm. | mm mm. mm. | mm

| Horizontal length.  . SOG | wil 10 155 160 181 199
Maximum length . : ; i Keyes bine Sb ria 155-1 GL 181 199
Occipital length so | tee Ratan Sona 9289 55 | | 78
Maximum width . . | -l57p 164p | 152 | 160p| 184p| 137

| Minimum frontal width Rees) 101 (90) | 95. |. 92:07 102
Height . ; 5 ; ; 125 129 — 134. 2st 130
Height of ear : ; Meg eae 65 116 Sait 20 PLD Ae
Length of basis. : Hye GSES in geek OS — | 9574 |- 99) 106
Width of basis. : 1 eCLOZ)-| Wises 94 (114) |° 799+) \c 208
Length of pars basilaris pie aoe 28 — | 26. lin SDs. une
Length of foramen magnum. | 35 | 38 — | 38° hee 35
Width of foramen magnum .| 28 | 32°5 — | 29 | 30 29
Horizontal circumference .j| 516 | 534 | 492 | 508 5OT 555

| Sagittal circumference . io edd wk Aeon 305 335 357 399
Frontal arch of sagit. circum. | 117 | 112 101 116 121 138

| Parietal arch of sagit. circum. TO bas So 104 | 119 109 133
Occipit.arch of sagit. circum. | 112 it 108 100 100.24) ten 128

_ Vertical circumference . Panu ae Piet oil) a SSO en eee 296

OAS irae en Sar (eae a ee teen SL ah heel PEN Sette es a |

rleightoftace of.) ot. egghead tut ee as Dee

Height of upper part of face Penh) 78 52 | 10 =o =O9M ESO

- Width of maxillary bone ee Vee 0) 107 72: Ob: Hee 110

| Width between zyg. arches ./| 140 148 108°5 149... 4; AZo eas

| Height of nose j : oil dees 0) 55 36°5 | 50. 1) 3490 eee oe

| Width of nose ncaa seul 27 Pea 230 yl ema 23

| Width of orbit sae 18) 42 34 4] 39° > Sk

| Height of orbit | 36 38 32 | 36 36 41°5

| Length of face | 97 112 oes REO 97 105

| Leneth of palate ‘ altace 55 84 | avigees Fyne 51
Anterior width of palate alieeleoe 44 30. | 39 37 34

| Posterior width of palate .| (45) 50 35 74 45 39 43

| ee toe = | |

| Capacity ; . | 1390ce. _: — | — — —

| Cephalic index. | 946 96:4} 981] 1000} 740] 68°8
Index of height ated 3 759 —_ 80°74 72°4 65°3
Index of upper part of face . | 50:0 | 52°7 47-9 47-0 55:2 56-7

| Index of nose : : | eye Onl 49°] 51:8 46°0 44°9 38:3

a 35°5

Occipital index. : Sel ak Seed he 21 35°5 | 24:4 |