the soil is clay loam. Back of the flat is bench and
entle slopes rising at 3° to 5° to the foot of the
- mountains at 3,000 to 3,200 feet, the flats being at
‘| about 2,200 feet. The bench is mostly good clay
u loam, though in places it is gumbo with very little
soil on top. In many places good soil is found from
the foot of the mountains to timber-line, which, if
| properly seeded, would develop into excellent graz-
: ing land. Scattered over the country, both on flats
and bench, are beaver meadows 100 to 350 yards
wide and 400 yards to 1% miles long.
Goat River, which enters on the south side 11%
2 miles east of Rooney, is a rapid stream in rocky
| and gravelly bed between steep slopes and unnavi-
| gable by boat or canoe. A pack-trail follows the
| west side and crosses the divide to Isaac and Bow-
i lee ron Lakes. ‘Timber limits are held on either side
in the lower 10 miles, also between Goat River
_ and Legrand on either side of the Fraser, and east-
_ ward to Dore River on the south side.

Goat River to Dore RIVER.

| ‘he valley here is 3 to 4 miles wide, the railway
} running half-way between the river and foot-hills
‘| on the south. Benches 50 to 100 feet high, with
_ peaty to sandy and clay loam soil on clay subsoil,
| growing small willow, alder, poplar, cottonwood,
‘| and birch, with much windfall, cover most of the
‘| yalley between river and foot-hills. The bottom
j Jand was burned over many years ago. On the
| north side the valley is narrower, a strip 114 miles
| wide intervening between river and _ foot-hills,
mostly bench 15 to 30 feet above the river, with
clay loam soil near the river, chocolate loam near
the mountains, on clay subsoil. Considerable rock
and boulders are found. Small growth and wind-
fall is similar to that on the south and some large
cottonwood grows along the river. McKale Creek
‘is the largest of several streams entering from the
north.
Dore River, entering from the south-west about
4 miles west of McBride, has current of 2 to 4
q miles an hour and average flow of 500 cubie feet
- per second. It is very crooked near the mouth and
near the Fraser is corroding its banks. On the
north-west bank, commencing a mile from the
mouth, are gravel-beds, and as the gravel runs out
sandy clay and gumbo are found. Gumbo clay is
usually found on the bench and sandy or clay loam
| on the bottom land in this vicinity, the latter being
best adapted for vegetable or fruit growing. The
_ lower land is liable to fiood during high water.
'The clay on the bench grows excellent grasses and

15