a en ee eee ee ee

$m oR OTT TT AC ONRS ly

Terrace at
5,270 feet.

Descend to the
Blackwater.

Reach Tse-tsi
Lake.

Quakcho Lake.

38 ‘GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA.

necting together the two eastern, will some day be of value in affording
alpine summer pasturage of the most nutritious kind. This may pro-
bably be available during at least three months, after which animals
would require to be driven down to a lower level.

July 22—On leaving camp, found ourselves at about the general level of
an extensive, though somewhat broken and denuded flat, which stretches
along the northern flank of the Il-ga-chuz Range. The material of this

terrace is rolled and water-worn, and while chiefly derived from the

volcanic rocks of the vicinity, travelled fragments not represented among
these, also occur. It evidently marks an old water line, probably of the
sea, but is higher than I have ever before seen. (See Plate I.)

Travelled northward, finding the Indian trail again soon after starting.
The country gradually slopes down to the lower levels, the woods at the
same time becoming thicker, with great areas of brulé and wind-fall, with
swamps in which the animals more than once mired down. Crossed
first several small streams running north-eastward, and then a large one
with a width of forty feet, depth of six inches, and slope of one in fifty,
derived from the central portion of the range. After crossing this little
river twice more, in its windings, we left it, and shortly afterwards came
very unexpectedly to the main stream of the Blackwater, running
westward, with a strong steady current, about forty-five feet wide, and
average depth of two feet. Camped on its north bank, having travelled
about thirteen miles. The Blackwater River here appears to come from
& south-easterly direction, from the It-cha Range and plateau country
between this and that from which we had descended, where its sources
may be said to be.

July 23—After making four and a-half miles north-eastward, through
densely wooded country with small lakes, reached Tse-tsi Lake, and the
main Blackwater and Salmon River Trail. Found a small cache of pro-
visions, and a mail, left for us by Mr. C. Seymour on his way from
Quesnel to the Salmon House with supplies.

Qualcho Lake and thence to Fraser Lake—From this point we travelled
westward again to Gatcho Lake by the trail which has already been
deseribed; and from that place, north-westward seven mile’, by an
Indian trail to Qualcho Lake, where we found Mr. Hunter, in charge of
Y party of the C. P. R. Survey. Qualcho Lake discharges westward into
Si-gut-lat Lake, is about five miles in length, with clear water and pebbly
beach, chiefly composed of rocks of the Porphyrite series, many of them
glaciated. The banks rise somewhat abruptly from the lake shore to
heights of 100 to 150 feet, and the whole surrounding country is thickly

rot ad Wp